Interactive role of strategic clarity in the relationship between organizational conflict management and strategic decision quality
Abstract
Different supervision methods usually lead to internal organizational conflicts, especially in a multi-unit organization, such as The Iraqi Ministry of Interior (IMI). In this regard, Successful organizational conflict management (OCM) is fundamentally associated with Strategic Clarity (SC) in addressing such conflicts which is also linked to the Strategic Decision Quality (SDQ). However, the complexity of the abovementioned variables is understudied especially in the governmental security-service sectors. The present study provides a comprehensive analysis of the relationships between OCM, SC and SDQ in the IMI. A questionnaire, prepared for measuring the interactive role of SC in the relationship between OCM and the SDQ, was distributed among leaders and managers of that ministry. It was evident that SC significantly enhances the relationship between OCM and SDQ in the ministry, registering a substantial interactive effect of 0.25. The study concluded that the dimensions of SC amplify the strategic connection between OCM and the high-quality SDQ made by administrative leaders in the ministry. This emphasizes the need for further integration and activation of SC as part of the strategic vision, particularly in security challenges.
Keyword : organizational conflict, strategic clarity, strategic decision quality, Iraqi Ministry of Interior
How to Cite
Hussain, A. N., Olaywi, A. H., Amanah, A. A., & Fadhil, A. H. (2024). Interactive role of strategic clarity in the relationship between organizational conflict management and strategic decision quality. Business: Theory and Practice, 25(1), 154–163. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2024.20083
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Friedman, R. A., & Davidson, M. N. (2001). Managing diversity and second-order conflict. International Journal of Conflict Management, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.1108/eb022853
George, B., Desmidt, S., & De Moyer, J. (2016). Strategic decision quality in Flemish municipalities. Public Money and Management, 36(5), 317–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2016.1194073
Hadi, H. J., Omar, M. A., & Osman, W. R. S. (2021). Investigating the determinants of CC-SaaS adoption in Iraqi’s public organisations from the perspective of IT professionals. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 14(2), 130–143.
Hansen, J. R., & Kjeldsen, A. M. (2018). Comparing affective commitment in the public and private sectors: A comprehensive test of multiple mediation effects. International Public Management Journal, 21(4), 558–588. https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2016.1276033
He, Y., Holroyd, E., & Koziol-McLain, J. (2023). Understanding workplace violence against medical staff in China: A retrospective review of publicly available reports. BMC Health Services Research, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09577-3
Hoffjann, O. (2022). Between strategic clarity and strategic ambiguity – oscillating strategic communication. Corporate Communications, 27(2). https://doi.org/10.1108/CCIJ-03-2021-0037
Hossain, M. A., Uddin, M. K., Hasan, M. R., & Hasan, M. F. (2018). Conflict management on the organizational performance: A synthesis of literature. Journal of Innovation & Development Strategy, 12(1), 56–67.
Hurt, K. J., & Abebe, M. A. (2015). The effect of conflict type and organizational crisis on perceived strategic decision effectiveness: An empirical investigation. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 22(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051815570038
Hussain, N., & Li, B. (2022). Entrepreneurial leadership and entrepreneurial success: The role of knowledge management processes and knowledge entrepreneurship. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.829959
Hussein, S. A., Amanah, A. A., & Kazem, S. A. (2023). Strategic learning and strategic agility: The mediating role of strategic thinking. International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies, 15(1), 1–25.
Jalod, K., Hasan, A. J., & Hussain, A. N. (2021). Strategic vigilance and its role in entrepreneurial performance: An analytical study of the views of a sample of managers in the Ur Company in Nasiriyah, Iraq. Multicultural Education, 7(1), 2–9.
Kaivo-oja, J. R. L., & Lauraeus, I. T. (2018). The VUCA approach as a solution concept to corporate foresight challenges and global technological disruption. Foresight, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/FS-06-2017-0022
Liefooghe, A., & Davey, K. M. (2010). The language and organization of bullying at work. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 32(1), 71–95. https://doi.org/10.2753/ATP1084-1806320104
Lowery, E. W. (2014). Closing the cyber gap: Integrating cross-government cyber capabilities to support the DHS cyber security mission [Master’s thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey]. Homeland Security Affairs.
Ludviga, I., & Kalvina, A. (2023). Organizational agility during crisis: Do employees’ perceptions of public sector organizations’ strategic agility foster employees’ work engagement and well-being? Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-023-09442-9
Mahmoud, S. M., & Harbi, A. H. (2019). The impact of strategic clarity in enhancing future foresight – An exploratory study in the ministry of planning. Journal of Administration and Economics, 24(1).
O’Donnell, M. P. (2012). Erosion of our moral compass, social trust, and the fiscal strength of the United States: Income inequality, tax policy, and well-being. American Journal of Health Promotion, 26(4).
Odhong, E. A., & Omolo, J. (2014). An analysis of the factors affecting employee relations in the flower industry in Kenya, a case of Waridi Ltd, Athi River. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(11), 147–160.
Olson, B. J., Parayitam, S., & Bao, Y. (2007). Strategic decision making: The effects of cognitive diversity, conflict, and trust on decision outcomes. Journal of Management, 33(2), 196–222. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206306298657
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Parayitam, S., & Papenhausen, C. (2018). Strategic decision-making: The effects of cooperative conflict management, agreement-seeking behavior and competence-based trust on decision outcomes. Management Research Review, 41(1), 2–28. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-12-2016-0285
Qadir, F. (2023). Influence of strategic leadership on sustained competitive advantage through the moderating role of facilitation learning climate in the telecom sector of Pakistan. Journal of Development and Social Sciences, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-II)16
Ritchie-Dunham, J. L., & Puente, L. M. (2008). Strategic clarity: Actions for identifying and correcting gaps in mental models. Long Range Planning, 41(5), 509–529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2008.06.006
Roscigno, V. J., Hodson, R., & Lopez, S. H. (2009). Workplace incivilities: The role of interest conflicts, social closure and organizational chaos. Work, Employment and Society, 23(4), 747–773. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017009344875
Schweiger, D. M., & Amason, A. C. (1994). Resolving the paradox of conflict, strategic decision making, and organizational performance. International Journal of Conflict Management, 5(3), 239–253. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb022745
Shweta, & Jha, S. (2010). Antecedents of interpersonal conflicts at workplace. Journal of Management & Public Policy, 1(2), 75–80.
Smallfield, J., & Kluemper, D. H. (2022). An explanation of personality change in organizational science: Personality as an outcome of workplace stress. Journal of Management, 48(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206321998429
Vakola, M., & Nikolaou, I. (2005). Attitudes towards organizational change: What is the role of employees’ stress and commitment? Employee Relations, 27(2), 160–174. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425450510572685
Yousif, S. K., & Yaseen, M. S. (2021). Organizational agility and its role in organizational conflict management: An analytical study of the views of a sample of employees in the Al-Hadba’a University College. AL-Anbar University Journal of Economic and Administration Sciences, 13(1), 1–12.
Zacher, H., Rudolph, C. W., & Katz, I. M. (2023). Employee green behavior as the core of environmentally sustainable organizations. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10, 465–494. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-050421
Zaid, J. S. (2021). The degree of effectiveness organizational conflict management by secondary school principals in the Northern Region within the green-line. International Journal of Humanities and Educational Research, 3(2), 87–97. https://doi.org/10.47832/2757-5403.2-3.8
Abdelzaher, E. M. (2019). Lexicon-based detection of violence on social media. Cognitive Semantics, 5(1), 32–69. https://doi.org/10.1163/23526416-00501002
Abdelzaher, E., & Tóth, Á. (2020). Defining crime: A multifaceted approach based on lexicographic relevance and distributional semantics. Argumentum, 16, 44–63. https://doi.org/10.34103/ARGUMENTUM/2020/4
Ahmed, A. H., Amanah, A. A., & Abed Alabbas, S. A. (2023). Strategic ambidexterity and its role in achieving contemporary initiatives: An exploratory study of opinions of a sample of managers of travel and tourism companies in holy governorate of Kerbala-Iraq. Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 11(2), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v11i2.3451
Al Halbusi, H., Williams, K. A., Ramayah, T., Aldieri, L., & Vinci, C. P. (2021). Linking ethical leadership and ethical climate to employees’ ethical behavior: The moderating role of person–organization fit. Personnel Review, 50(1), 159–185. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-09-2019-0522
Amanah, A. A., Hussein, S. A., & Fadhil, A. H. (2022a). Assessing the relationship of strategic alignment with strategic response: Mediating role of strategic thinking: Prospective analytical research in Karkh health directorate – Baghdad. International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies, 14(2), 388–410.
Amanah, A. A., Hussein, S. A., & Bannay, D. F. (2022b). Role of proactive behavior in entrepreneurial alertness: A mediating role of dynamic capabilities. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 20(4), 127–137. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(4).2022.10
Amason, A. C., & Schweiger, D. M. (2012). The effects of conflict on strategic decision making effectiveness and organizational performance. In Using conflict in organizations. Sage Knowledge. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446217016.n8
Ambrosini, V., & Bowman, C. (2009). What are dynamic capabilities and are they a useful construct in strategic management? International Journal of Management Reviews, 11(1), 29–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2008.00251.x
Ayoko, O. B., Caputo, A., & Mendy, J. (2021). Management research contributions to the COVID-19: A bibliometric literature review and analysis of the contributions from the Journal of Management & Organization. Journal of Management and Organization, 27(6), 1183–1209. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2021.70
Bannay, D. F., Jabbar Hadi, M., & Amanah, A. A. (2020). The impact of inclusive leadership behaviors on innovative workplace behavior with an emphasis on the mediating role of work engagement. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 18(3), 479–491. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.39
Chermik, H. G. (2021). The role of strategic clarity in entrepreneurial organizations – an exploratory study of the opinions of a sample of faculty members in the college of administration and economics/Qadisiyah University. The Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.52113/6/2021-11-1/127-143
Choi, Y., Chu, K., & Choi, E. J. (2019). Social network services addiction in the workplace. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 6(1), 249–259. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2019.vol6.no1.249
Ciarniene, R., & Vienazindiene, M. (2018). Flexible work arrangements from generation and gender perspectives: Evidence from Lithuania. Engineering Economics, 29(1), 84–92. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.29.1.19247
Contu, A. (2019). Conflict and organization studies. Organization Studies, 40(10). https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840617747916
Covin, J. G., Garrett, R. P., Kuratko, D. F., & Shepherd, D. A. (2020). Short leash or long leash? Parenting style, initial strategic clarity, and the development of venture learning proficiency. Journal of Business Venturing, 35(4), Article 105951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2019.105951
Cowan, R. L., & Horan, S. M. (2021). Understanding information and communication technology use in workplace romance escalation and de-escalation. International Journal of Business Communication, 58(1), 55–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/2329488417731860
Davidaviciene, V., & Al Majzoub, K. (2022). The effect of cultural intelligence, conflict, and transformational leadership on decision‐making processes in virtual teams. Social Sciences, 11(2), Article 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11020064
Elbanna, S., Ali, A. J., & Dayan, M. (2011). Conflict in strategic decision making: Do the setting and environment matter? International Journal of Conflict Management, 22(3), 278–299. https://doi.org/10.1108/10444061111152973
Fadhil, A. H., Shaheed, J. M., Jarallah, M. A., & Amanah, A. A. (2023). Impact of entrepreneurial leadership on forming agile work teams: Mediating role of strategic engagement. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 21(4), 370–383. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(4).2023.29
Friedman, R. A., & Davidson, M. N. (2001). Managing diversity and second-order conflict. International Journal of Conflict Management, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.1108/eb022853
George, B., Desmidt, S., & De Moyer, J. (2016). Strategic decision quality in Flemish municipalities. Public Money and Management, 36(5), 317–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2016.1194073
Hadi, H. J., Omar, M. A., & Osman, W. R. S. (2021). Investigating the determinants of CC-SaaS adoption in Iraqi’s public organisations from the perspective of IT professionals. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 14(2), 130–143.
Hansen, J. R., & Kjeldsen, A. M. (2018). Comparing affective commitment in the public and private sectors: A comprehensive test of multiple mediation effects. International Public Management Journal, 21(4), 558–588. https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2016.1276033
He, Y., Holroyd, E., & Koziol-McLain, J. (2023). Understanding workplace violence against medical staff in China: A retrospective review of publicly available reports. BMC Health Services Research, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09577-3
Hoffjann, O. (2022). Between strategic clarity and strategic ambiguity – oscillating strategic communication. Corporate Communications, 27(2). https://doi.org/10.1108/CCIJ-03-2021-0037
Hossain, M. A., Uddin, M. K., Hasan, M. R., & Hasan, M. F. (2018). Conflict management on the organizational performance: A synthesis of literature. Journal of Innovation & Development Strategy, 12(1), 56–67.
Hurt, K. J., & Abebe, M. A. (2015). The effect of conflict type and organizational crisis on perceived strategic decision effectiveness: An empirical investigation. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 22(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051815570038
Hussain, N., & Li, B. (2022). Entrepreneurial leadership and entrepreneurial success: The role of knowledge management processes and knowledge entrepreneurship. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.829959
Hussein, S. A., Amanah, A. A., & Kazem, S. A. (2023). Strategic learning and strategic agility: The mediating role of strategic thinking. International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies, 15(1), 1–25.
Jalod, K., Hasan, A. J., & Hussain, A. N. (2021). Strategic vigilance and its role in entrepreneurial performance: An analytical study of the views of a sample of managers in the Ur Company in Nasiriyah, Iraq. Multicultural Education, 7(1), 2–9.
Kaivo-oja, J. R. L., & Lauraeus, I. T. (2018). The VUCA approach as a solution concept to corporate foresight challenges and global technological disruption. Foresight, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/FS-06-2017-0022
Liefooghe, A., & Davey, K. M. (2010). The language and organization of bullying at work. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 32(1), 71–95. https://doi.org/10.2753/ATP1084-1806320104
Lowery, E. W. (2014). Closing the cyber gap: Integrating cross-government cyber capabilities to support the DHS cyber security mission [Master’s thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey]. Homeland Security Affairs.
Ludviga, I., & Kalvina, A. (2023). Organizational agility during crisis: Do employees’ perceptions of public sector organizations’ strategic agility foster employees’ work engagement and well-being? Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-023-09442-9
Mahmoud, S. M., & Harbi, A. H. (2019). The impact of strategic clarity in enhancing future foresight – An exploratory study in the ministry of planning. Journal of Administration and Economics, 24(1).
O’Donnell, M. P. (2012). Erosion of our moral compass, social trust, and the fiscal strength of the United States: Income inequality, tax policy, and well-being. American Journal of Health Promotion, 26(4).
Odhong, E. A., & Omolo, J. (2014). An analysis of the factors affecting employee relations in the flower industry in Kenya, a case of Waridi Ltd, Athi River. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(11), 147–160.
Olson, B. J., Parayitam, S., & Bao, Y. (2007). Strategic decision making: The effects of cognitive diversity, conflict, and trust on decision outcomes. Journal of Management, 33(2), 196–222. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206306298657
Parayitam, S., & Papenhausen, C. (2016). Agreement-seeking behavior, trust, and cognitive diversity in strategic decision making teams: Process conflict as a moderator. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 13(3), 292–315. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAMR-10-2015-0072
Parayitam, S., & Papenhausen, C. (2018). Strategic decision-making: The effects of cooperative conflict management, agreement-seeking behavior and competence-based trust on decision outcomes. Management Research Review, 41(1), 2–28. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-12-2016-0285
Qadir, F. (2023). Influence of strategic leadership on sustained competitive advantage through the moderating role of facilitation learning climate in the telecom sector of Pakistan. Journal of Development and Social Sciences, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-II)16
Ritchie-Dunham, J. L., & Puente, L. M. (2008). Strategic clarity: Actions for identifying and correcting gaps in mental models. Long Range Planning, 41(5), 509–529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2008.06.006
Roscigno, V. J., Hodson, R., & Lopez, S. H. (2009). Workplace incivilities: The role of interest conflicts, social closure and organizational chaos. Work, Employment and Society, 23(4), 747–773. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017009344875
Schweiger, D. M., & Amason, A. C. (1994). Resolving the paradox of conflict, strategic decision making, and organizational performance. International Journal of Conflict Management, 5(3), 239–253. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb022745
Shweta, & Jha, S. (2010). Antecedents of interpersonal conflicts at workplace. Journal of Management & Public Policy, 1(2), 75–80.
Smallfield, J., & Kluemper, D. H. (2022). An explanation of personality change in organizational science: Personality as an outcome of workplace stress. Journal of Management, 48(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206321998429
Vakola, M., & Nikolaou, I. (2005). Attitudes towards organizational change: What is the role of employees’ stress and commitment? Employee Relations, 27(2), 160–174. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425450510572685
Yousif, S. K., & Yaseen, M. S. (2021). Organizational agility and its role in organizational conflict management: An analytical study of the views of a sample of employees in the Al-Hadba’a University College. AL-Anbar University Journal of Economic and Administration Sciences, 13(1), 1–12.
Zacher, H., Rudolph, C. W., & Katz, I. M. (2023). Employee green behavior as the core of environmentally sustainable organizations. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10, 465–494. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-050421
Zaid, J. S. (2021). The degree of effectiveness organizational conflict management by secondary school principals in the Northern Region within the green-line. International Journal of Humanities and Educational Research, 3(2), 87–97. https://doi.org/10.47832/2757-5403.2-3.8